More on AI and Antibiotics-and it’s good news

Once again, the source for our blog today comes from the excellent Nature Briefing, who are always in the forefront of scientific research in every field. Today we are showcasing their piece AI is taking on antibiotic resistance because we think they’re picking up on some real game-changing developments, and we really want you to know about them.

Let’s start with their usual helpful summary, as it’s a good general overview. But this time we earnestly beg you to click on the link they have provided: read below to find out why.

Antibiotics are an effective, but somewhat indiscriminate solution to some gut infections. Helpful species of gut bacteria get caught in the crossfire, which increases the likelihood that drug-resistant bacterial strains will evolve. Researchers are now designing drugs to selectively target disease-causing species with the help of artificial intelligence. Some teams are using AI to screen drug molecules for the most promising candidates quickly and cheaply. Others have developed tools that predict how drug molecules bind to protein targets to reveal a drug’s mechanism of action, reducing the need for wet-lab experiments.

Nature | 15 min read

Because if you do, you will step into a world of research where Information Science and Biological Science are meeting: which of course is more and more these days isn’t it? You will learn about:

Jonathan Stokes of McMaster University in Canada who have pioneered the use of AI to test their newest molecule called enterololin and thereby strip out all kinds of old-skool testing processes.

Regina Barzilay of MIT who with her team have done much of the AI work to set this up for Jonathan She is a remarkable woman who has been hunting down the link between antibiotics and AI since 2018-how’s that for far sightedness, folks?

You’ll be able to name check tools like Diffdock , RdKit and Chemprop which these people use to do all this-how’s that going to sound in the pub?

And a woman called Molly Bartlett who’s something called a Chemical Informatician at London’s Imperial College. As we still have a tenuous connection to that august institution we sometimes write in to their alumnus mag and tell them what a good job they’re doing, knowing we speak for all of you, gentle readers.

And much more besides, Especially if you do the decent thing and sign up to go behind the paywall.

Funny, isn’t it? If our first name were Donald (it isn’t) we might note how much this progress a) seems to come from despised places like Canadia and Englandland b) how somehow these evil foreigners still find ways to work with Unitedstatespersons c) maybe if you want to find cures for important things you may have to look at other methods in addition to earnest prayer d) if I were getting bigly older, perhaps approaching my eightieth birthday for example, I might like to have a few antibiotics around. Just a thought.

# Antibiotic research #Artificial Intelligence ~medicine #health #bacteria

So-why would anyone love a World Government anyway?

Recently we approached one of the sharpest minds in the UK with our thoughts on the nation state. To our immense honour they replied. Please understand that, although we must protect their confidentiality, these are their exact words:

….. the core paradox today is that countries have to be small to get a real sense of citizen accountability – but big to grapple with these problems of security and prosperity. Therein lies the size conundrum………….

And we hope that the following anecdote illustrates why they are right.

Yesterday, while wandering at leisure on England’s south coast, we came across a seafront meeting of locals who had convened to discuss ways of improving their town, which they held to be in Decline. Before anyone sneers, let us record how moved we were that they had turned out at all, and how assiduously they strived to avoid dragging in wider political allegiances. Their concerns were local indeed:-flower beds, and the colours of bus shelters, mainly. Their hostility common- a deep suspicion of their local council and all its works. Which is shortly to be replaced by a merger with certain neighbouring towns, a prospect greeted with general dismay.

It follows that, if they were so suspicious of their local council- the very first and most immediate layer of their government- how much more suspicious might they be of a World Government? And not just them, but people everywhere, from the High Arctic to the projected colonies on the Moon? What makes people cling so jealously to the local and the tangible? We confidently tell them that Big offers Defence, Economies of scale, Energy grids, Supply chains, AI, biotech, cyber capacity and Climate resilience. Plus the World Cup. And quite rightly they counter that Small offers meaningful scrutiny, power where the scale is human, that corruption is easier to spot, that leaders are socially legible (you can imagine them in your local pub), not a distant man in a suit reading from an autocue. Policy feedback loops are brief too, meaning decisions have immediate consequences political pressure works-and you see where your money is going. That is a strong set of arguments, tuned to the way people are. Should we close down this whole LSS trope of World Government, and concentrate instead on flower beds and bus shelters?

Perhaps. And perhaps not. Even the most well-kept flower beds cannot escape the droughts of climate change for ever, nor the neatest town the effects of rising seas. The threats in the world will require collective action sooner or later. While the things they love like beer, cars and chocolate are supplied from the efficiencies of world markets, the very antithesis of the local and the particular. But so far all arguments on our side have been based on reason and evidence. Which can never win the emotional loyalty which those who tell stories about Tribe and Location currently scoop with ease. It is time for us to look for stories of our own. Which can offer so much more.

#world government #accountability #politics #economics #history #power

Friday: Greek rosé wines corner

When we asked our team of researchers what Greece, and Greek culture, have given to the world, they came up with this:

Homer epic poetry Hesiod didactic poetry Sappho lyric poetry Pindar odes Aeschylus tragedy Sophocles tragedy Euripides tragedy Aristophanes comedy Herodotus history Thucydides history Xenophon history Plato philosophy Aristotle philosophy Socrates ethics Diogenes Cynicism Zeno Stoicism Epicurus Epicureanism Pythagoras mathematics Euclid geometry Archimedes physics engineering Eratosthenes geography Hipparchus astronomy Aristarchus heliocentrism Anaximander cosmology Democritus atomism Hippocrates medicine Galen medicine Herophilus anatomy Ptolemy astronomy geography Phidias sculpture Praxiteles sculpture Polykleitos sculpture Ictinus architecture Callicrates architecture Mnesicles architecture Parthenon architecture Athenian democracy political theory Solon lawgiver Cleisthenes reforms Pericles statesmanship Alexander the Great empire‑building Hellenistic science Alexandria library Septuagint translation Byzantine theology Cappadocian Fathers Orthodox liturgy Hagia Sophia architecture Procopius history Anna Komnene history Photios scholarship Cyril and Methodius Slavic literacy Byzantine diplomacy Greek fire military technology Cretan Renaissance literature El Greco painting Rigas Feraios nationalism Adamantios Korais Enlightenment Greek War of Independence Philhellenism modern Greek state Venizelos diplomacy Cavafy poetry Seferis poetry Elytis poetry Kazantzakis literature Theodorakis music Hadjidakis music Papandreou political thought Onassis shipping Greek diaspora scholarship modern Greek cinema modern Greek science modern Greek shipping global Greek cuisine Mediterranean diet.

“Ah,” we countered, but they never invented cocktails!” But they did have-no, do have- some fine rosé wines. So to counter this obvious aching gap in Greek culture we sent those same researchers off to create a short but very handy guide to three Greek Rosés, priced to all pockets, which could make for some delicious refreshments if it gets as hot as we think it might get hot in this El Niño summer. (See LSS 5 6 26)

£8–£10 — Kourtaki Retsina Rosé (Attica)

Often found in larger Tesco or Sainsbury’s stores, depending on region. Dry, light, herbal, very Greek, very summery. (If your local doesn’t stock it, M&S sometimes carries a Greek rosé under its “Found” range.)

£12–£14 — Mylonas Rosé (Mandilaria/Agiorgitiko, Attica)

Available from The Wine Society, Waitrose Cellar, and several independents. A proper step up: strawberry, pomegranate, a little herb; beautifully balanced.

£18–£22 — Gaia 14–18h Rosé (Agiorgitiko, Nemea)

A cult bottle. Stocked by Berry Bros. & Rudd, The Wine Society, and good Greek specialists. Serious rosé: pale Provençal style but with Greek backbone and minerality.

Sorry if they forgot Demis Roussos

With thanks to Mrs MF of Bridport, Dorset

#wine #greece #hellenic #rosé #holiday #demis roussos

Round up of the week: What happens when you don’t educate women, and what happens when you do

Taliban v education Further depressing news from Afghanistan about the crack-down on female education. Oh well, it’s up to them, but they will be the long term losers, as every possible statistic will soon start to show. The Conversation has the details:

https://theconversation.com/what-happened-to-afghanistans-female-academics-283000?utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Latest%20from%20The%20Conversation%20for%20June%201%202

Yet more hope on cancer Here’s what happens in societies that do educate women. A new drug that goes by the snappy name of GRWD5769 may be on the brink of transforming prospects for late-stage cancer patients To rub the point in we’ve stories from opposite ends of the political spectrum our old stand-bys,The Mail and the Guardian.

Wonder pill shrinks tumours in a third of patients with six hard-to-treat cancers, early trial shows | Daily Mail Online

.Smart drug that strips cancer cells of ‘invisibility cloak’ can shrink tumours by 30%, trial shows | Cancer | The Guardian

Super El Niño Better keep your ice cubes ready if you read our cocktail column (LSS passim) Because you are going to need them says the Mail, who, despite what you might think, are having a good Climate Crisis.

Super El Niño is on its way: Scientists warn there’s now an 80% chance the unusual climate pattern will arrive this summer – bringing extreme heat ‘nearly EVERYWHERE’ | Daily Mail Online

AI and Vaccines come together Are we a medical blog or an AI one? Looks like the difference doesn’t matter any more, as the two fields seem to be in fusion. This is a remarkable one, gentle readers so if you need a bit of cheering up, read it, from the BBC

‘World-first’ vaccine designed by artificial intelligence – BBC News

CAR-T enables kidney transplants reports Nature Briefing Yet Another LSS Favourite New Techniques (FNT) takes yet another encouraging step forward, this time in the world of transplant medicine:

A single dose of engineered immune cells has helped three people with ‘highly sensitized’ immune systems to receive life-saving kidney transplants. People in this group are often ineligible for transplants because their bodies usually reject the donated organ. Researchers engineered the recipient’s own immune cells into chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells that ultimately reduce the trouble-making antibodies that push their immune systems into overdrive. More than a year after receiving the cells, the three people are now living with new kidneys and without notable side effects.

Nature | 5 min read
Reference: New England Journal of Medicine paper 1 & paper 2

We think that lot more or less makes our point for today. Except for this thought from some American bloke:

An investment in knowledge pays the best interest.” — Benjamin Franklin

#cancer #CAR-T #Artificial Intelligence #transplants #climate change #health #medicine #women #education #afghanistan

Thomas Piketty thinks he has a way out of the mess: but do we know enough to take it?

Given the simultaneous polycrises we’re now immersed in, it’s always poignant to come across a report that offers possible ways out. So when another such is unearthed, this time by Jonathan Watts of the Guardian, [1]we were particularly intrigued. Partly because it covers some the same tropes we have circled around here ( Justice; LSS 24 4 23 et seq : Inequality: LSS 16 9 25 and governance; LSS 16 1 25 et seq) And partly because one of the report’s moving spirits is the great Historian and economist Thomas Piketty, whose name has also graced these pages. [2]

Living standards can rise for all, the authors asseverate. The worst of climate change may be mitigated. Political and social tensions ameliorated. The key is to tax the small group of billionaires who control most of the world’s wealth and power. While at the same time redirecting investment away from carbon heavy industries such as construction, mining and manufacturing and towards education and healthcare. The new world they envisage would have a shorter working week, be more prosperous (the lowest universal income quartile would come in around $5000 per annum) and above all be ecologically stable. Hyper capitalist consumers and green neo-puritans come in for equal criticism. Both endless consumption and austerity hair shirts are unfeasible say Piketty and co. Sufficiency is their new lodestar for their intriguing (dare we think Whiggish?) Third way. [3][4][5]

And our thoughts? We think the report’s careful scholarship and refreshing new thoughts are clear already. Its recommendations are both sanguine and rational and would undoubtedly contribute to a more tolerable world. But: they run up against what in everyday language is called human nature and in Social Identity Theory comparative advantage. Most people would rather live in a world where they had £10 and their neighbour £5 rather than one in which they had £15 and that neighbour £13, as their relative social advantage is better in the first instance than the second. That, in a nutshell is the human weakness.[6] It suggests that groups enjoying relative social advantage will fight like tom cats to maintain it against inferior groups, rather than join with them to their common benefit. Particularly if they are well funded to do so by sympathetic billionaires who thereby ensure their own supreme advantage over all. This is human instinct. In theory we could overcome it. Have we the cognitive capacity to do so?

[1]‘An equal and habitable world is possible’: academics set out sweeping vision for planetary survival | Environment | The Guardian

[2]Thomas Piketty – Wikipedia

[3]World Inequality Conference 2026 – World Inequality Lab

[4]World Inequality Report 2026

[5]Global Justice Project

[6] Ernst Fehr & Klaus M. Schmidt, “A Theory of Fairness, Competition, and Cooperation,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 114(3), 1999, pp. 817–868.

#economics #climate change #inequalty #social justice #tax #education #decarbonisation

Roman Coin hoard has lessons for our times

Southern Britain 297 AD. A frightened Roman official, alone in the woods, is frantically digging a hole. It is unaccustomed work for a man of his rank, and he sweats, while nervously looking over his shoulder for soldiers, secret policemen, or even hungry peasants. Why is he here? Any number of reasons could have caused his fall: civil war, a coup, a sudden change of Emperor. Hole completed, he quickly throws in his entire wealth-a bag of gold coins, jewels and silver cups, and takes one last look at them before filling the earth on top. Carefully,he notes the position of larger trees and certain other markers. For one day he hopes to return, when Fortune has turned again. But he never will. He is the last person to see these things before they are unearthed, over seventeen hundred years later into a world of AI, Space technology and jet airliners. The darkness closes-and opens.

Such are always our thoughts when ever we stand in front of a hoard of Roman treasure in a museum. Who left these things there? Why? What was in their mind when they left them? And-why did they never return? When we read this story of the latest hoard to be unearthed [1] near Ilminster in Somerset , covered in this excellent Guardian piece by Steven Morris, these thoughts and many others came back. Hoards are invaluable to historians and archaeologists, because the coins allow solid dating estimates, which are worth far more than gold to serious scholars. Their occurrence rises in direct proportion to the frequency of political and economic troubles in the Empire. And nowhere was more troubled than the provinces of the Britannias in the period 286-296AD [2] when rebel rulers tried to set up a separatist regime against the central Empire. The likely date of the finds (297) offers haunting possibilities for speculation about their likely loser, and the subsequent events of his life.

But what fascinates most are the hoards themselves. Unlike amphitheatres, churches and other remains, which decay and otherwise change in tune with the society around them, hoards are frozen in time. The last time they were seen was in a declining empire, wracked by pandemics and climate change. A melancholy time of failing trade, broken roads-and an overwhelming mood of doubt and uncertainty. Where increasingly authoritarian governments tried to hold together the remains of a failing world with ever more repression and ever more dubious promises of a return to the long remembered Golden Age. Yet the Empire had endured for so long and was still so big that people who buried the coins could imaging no other possible form of political and social organisation. And were not able to break out of the cycle of decline until they could. Perhaps there is a lesson for our times in there too.

_{note – we worked really hard to get our Roman uniforms right. We hate those films and programmes where they dress fifth century Romans in the clothes and uniforms of about AD 14}

[1]Somerset detectorist strikes gold with ‘spectacular’ Roman ring find | Roman Britain | The Guardian

[2]Carausian revolt – Wikipedia

#archaeology #roman empire #coin hoards #history

Chikungunya: another potential Climate Change epidemic?

News that we’re in for a record El Niño[1] this year brings a depressing thought is Climate Change going to deliver a whole new wave of tropical diseases alongside all those floods. fires and migrations? We’ve touched on this before (LSS 25 10 21,14 11 23, 2 10 25) but had rather hoped that it had all gone away. It hasn’t, as this excellent article by Shivali Best of the Mail [2] explains in forensic detail. And it’s her work we’ll be riffing on today, with a little help other sources.[3]

Shivali takes Chikungunya virus as her theme. It’s a nasty little disease caused by an alphavirus of the Togaviridae group. Discovered in Tanzania in 1952 it delivers a painful cocktail of symptoms including fever and severe joint pains: the latter may be extremely debilitating and long-lasting. But the real problem lies in its vectors, the famous yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti and the scarily named tiger mosquito (a. albopictus) Do they call it that because of its bite? Not only does climate change allow these insects to spread to lands where the cold had formerly precluded their presence. The same warming allows the virus to breed up to five times faster inside the mosquito. Before you ask: there are vaccines of sorts underway: but progress has been slowed because most of the money has been spent on wars and shopping malls.

And so Chikungunya joins the long sorry list of diseases spreading due to global warming. To which we could append Malaria, Dengue, Zika, Lyme, Tick Born Encephalitis, Vibrio group……..enough! LSS readers are a well-informed lot. They know what’s happening. They know why. The real task before us all is how to clear up the damage, and make those culpable pay for it

[1]Prepare for El Niño, UN warns – it could be the strongest in decades – BBC News

[2]Chikungunya virus is heading for Europe: Scientists warn mosquito-borne tropical disease could spread to major cities thanks to climate change | Daily Mail

[3]Chikungunya fact sheet

#chikungunya #malaria #climate change #disease #vector #epidemic #health #mosquito

Partington/Harris diptych on why things are never simple-or are they?

Photo by Duu0161an Cvetanoviu0107 on Pexels.com

Short on antibiotics leads today, we’ve a double act of two good writers: Richard Partington and John Harris, both of the Guardian, on one of our other marottes: Political Economy. And both provide insights into that most ancient of human dilemmas: when do we accept that things are complicated, and when can we get away with treating them as simple?

Richard quotes that most sagacious of politicians, Alan Milburn who has been around the block a bit in public life “Everybody goes for the bloody easy solution, don’t they? You can’t just go for the easy solution, OK? There are no easy solutions, guys. None. They’re all hard.” Richard’s exhibitio princeps of simple answers to complicated questions is Brexit, now ten years past, and still affecting our daily life in ways large and small. Now, to say there was a case for Brexit is wrong: there were two very good ones. But they were utterly incompatible. One was made by mainly rich free market acolytes who wanted a low tax, low regulation, welfare light economy of the sort practiced in places like Singapore. The others, poor ex-industrial workers mainly, wanted that £350 million a year they had been promised bussed into the NHS: and of course strict immigration controls: both socialist ideals anathema to true believers in Liberal free markets. The result was a Brexit that has satisfied no one. Reliable research indicates that investment is down 18%, employment down 4%, and productivity down 4% compared with what might have been delivered if Britain had remained in the EU.

Harris takes on a question which has equally obsessed the current Right: falling birth rates, particularly in nations of western European heritage., The causes include female emancipation and education, the costs of raising children, and gloom about the likely prospects for any delivered into this fractious world. The result is an ageing population whose comfortable lifestyles depend on the labours of an ever- dwindling band of energetic youngsters. So, how do you reconcile this with a belief in individual choice? And-could it be solved by increasing the number of immigrants to fill the roles for which lightly-manned western societies can no longer provide workers? Moreover, if the trend to lower fertility has become world-wide(which it may well have done) should countries like Britain upend 100 years of beliefs and political allegiances and start inviting immigrants in? If so-when?

At which point we might throw up our hands, admit utter complexity has vanquished us again and retire leaving ourselves and our readers entirely baffled. Except-the Devil whispers in our ear-maybe simplicity is there all along, hiding under the complexity of competing policies, politicians, manifestoes and ideologies. The great forces of History are climate, disease, technology and economic. Understand these, and the complicated battles of the “ins “ and the “outs” become more comprehensible. Old LSS hands will recall how the Roman Empire survived because it facilitated a common trade area.[3] And fell because of uncontrollable changes in climate, and the arrival of mass pandemics.[4] That Britain’s hegemony was based on sea power, which declined when land power became more efficient [5]And nothing that any of the statesmen, priests, businessmen or soldiers in those countries could do would make any difference in the long run. In our own time, the technological challenge is clearly AI, and the climate one is too obvious to name. As for the pandemic-well it might be from some newly resistant form of bacteria. Maybe this blog has been about antibiotics all along!

[1] The disaster of Brexit is a warning against simple solutions to hard problems | Richard Partington | The Guardian

[2] The right is desperate for a solution to falling birthrates. Who’s going to tell them that the answer is immigration? | John Harris | The Guardian

[3]Davis, R. H. C. A History of Medieval Europe: From Constantine to Saint Louis. London: Longman, 1970. (Revised editions appeared later — notably the 3rd ed., with R. I. Moore as co‑author: Harlow: Longman, 2006 — but the classic standalone Davis is the 1970 Longman.)

[4] Harper, Kyle. The Fate of Rome: Climate, Disease, and the End of an Empire. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2017.

[5] Kennedy, Paul. The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500 to 2000. New York: Random House, 1987. (UK edition: London: Unwin Hyman, 1988.)

#pandemic #climate change #immigration #economics #demographics #history #politics

Three French Cocktails for Friday Night

A couple of weeks ago we hymned the praises of Italy, both for its contributions to human civilisation and for being the source of more than one great cocktail. Now if there’s one place that runs Italy close in the Civilisation/Culture Stakes it has to be France. Art, science, music philosophy, fashion, scenery-it’s no wonder so many of us like to go there on holiday. So to acknowledge the debt of le toute humaine to the French, we salute three of their greatest cocktails. (spoiler: we did the French 75 in a previous blog, so you won’t find it here)

1. The Sidecar

Actual French pedigree: 10/10 Invented (depending on which bar you believe) at Harry’s New York Bar, Paris or the Ritz Paris in the 1920s — the golden age of expat glamour and questionable moustaches.The Sidecar is what happens when Parisian elegance meets motorbike bravado — a cocktail that looks down its nose at you while secretly hoping you’ll misbehave.

Ingredients: Cognac, Cointreau, lemon juice. Tone: Crisp, aristocratic, slightly judgemental.

2. The Kir Royale

Actual French pedigree: 9/10 Named after Canon Félix Kir, the mayor of Dijon who promoted local crème de cassis by insisting it be mixed with white wine. The champagne version is the posh cousin.The Kir Royale is France in liquid form: a small flourish of blackcurrant, a large flourish of self‑belief.

Ingredients: Champagne + crème de cassis. Tone: Effortlessly celebratory; the drink that says “I’m not working this afternoon.”

The Boulevardier God that sounds French, but Actual French pedigree: 6/10 (but stylishly so) Invented by American expats in Paris in the 1920s — essentially a Negroni that has moved to the Left Bank, bought a scarf, and started writing a novel.And is probably convinced it has a publisher’s advance .

Ingredients: Bourbon, sweet vermouth, Campari. Tone: Brooding, literary, slightly louche.

And so we bid you all a fond adieu and wish you le bon weekend.

#cocktails #france #kir royale #sidecar #travel #holidays

Friday Round up: Healthy Cities, Late degrees, Protein Predictions, Climate hurricanes, and Hats off to Grouse Fibres

Walk the walk One of the great mistakes of the last century was to design vast sprawls of suburbs around the car. It almost invited an epidemic of obesity and pollution. This article from the Conversation offers fresh thinking.

https://theconversation.com/new-towns-are-back-but-this-time-they-must-be-more-walkable-282684?utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Latest%20from%20The%20Conversation%20for%20May%2022%202026%20-%203777938688

Advantage Mrs King Touching to see the great Billie Jean King declare that she was the first in her family to graduate from university when she finally received her degree last week. Apparently, she started around the normal age but then her studies were interrupted. Did she make the right decision?

Billie Jean King, 82, earns a college degree 65 years after starting at Cal State LA | The Independent

Alpha folds to rival We have been singing the praises of Alpha Fold here for some years now, as proof positive that AI isn’t all bad. Now suddenly it has a serious rival as Nature Briefing explains in Protein atlas eclipses Alphafold’s effort

A newly released artificial-intelligence tool called ESMFold2 has generated an atlas of 1.1 billion predicted protein structures and billions more protein sequences. The database, known as the ESM Atlas, vastly increases the known protein universe, eclipsing the AlphaFold Database of predicted protein structures by more than 800 million entries. The freely accessible atlas should be “an extraordinary resource for biology,” says computational biologist Gemma Atkinson. And the open-source nature of ESMFold2 means that it could find wide-ranging uses, says computational biologist Sergey Ovchinnikov.

Nature | 5 min read
Reference: biohub preprint (not peer reviewed)

Not more, but stronger Climate change does not seem to be increasing the actual numbers of hurricanes typhoons and other unpleasant weather systems. But it seems to be making the existing ones much stronger and deadlier as the BBC explains

How climate change affects hurricanes, typhoons and cyclones – BBC News.

More like Grouse Fibres, please. Next comes one of our frequent eulogies for a brave start up company. A small British one called Grouse Fibres has in found a way to “create advanced fibres and filaments from proteins, including casein fibre, utilizing biodegradable materials”. (their words) Long may they, and many like them prosper. (LSS disclaimer we have no connection to this company whatsoever)

About Grouse Fibre: Sustainable Protein Fibre Solutions

Quote of the week

“Fools learn by suffering.” (Works and Days, c. 700 BC)

#sustainability #climate change #transport #AI #proteins